Kev taw qhia txog txoj kev vuam thiab cov txheej txheem rau lub zog lithium-ion roj teeb

Kev xaiv tsim nyog ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam thiab cov txheej txheem hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj teeb lithium yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tus nqi, zoo, kev nyab xeeb, thiab sib xws ntawm lub roj teeb. Tom ntej no, cia peb npaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog lithium roj teeb.

1. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Laser Vuam

Laser vuam siv cov kev taw qhia zoo heev thiab lub zog loj ntawm cov kab teeb laser ua haujlwm. Los ntawm ib qho kev kho qhov muag, lub laser beam tsom rau ntawm thaj chaw me me, ua rau thaj chaw muaj cua sov siab heev ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, yog li melting cov khoom welded thiab tsim cov khoom sib koom ua ke thiab weld seam.

2. Laser vuam hom

Thaum tshav kub kub conduction vuam thiab sib sib zog nqus welding

Laser tshav kub conduction vuam yog tsim nrog lub laser zog ceev ntawm 105-106w/cm2, thiab laser sib sib zog nqus nqus vuam yog tsim nrog ib tug laser zog ceev ntawm 105-106w / cm2

Penetration welding thiab seam welding

Kev nkag mus vuam, txuas cov khoom tsis tas yuav tsum tau xuas nrig ntaus, thiab kev ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim. Penetration welding yuav tsum muaj lub zog loj laser vuam tshuab. Qhov tob tob ntawm kev nkag mus vuam yog qis dua li ntawm seam welding, thiab nws txoj kev ntseeg siab yog qhov tsis zoo.

Piv rau kev nkag mus vuam, seam vuam tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj lub zog me me laser vuam tshuab. Qhov tob tob ntawm seam welding yog siab dua qhov kev nkag mus vuam, thiab nws txoj kev ntseeg tau zoo heev. Tab sis cov khoom sib txuas yuav tsum tau xuas nrig ntaus, ua rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj.

Pulse laser welding qauv

Nruam laser vuam ntawm cov qauv

Nyob rau hauv lub vuam ntawm lub hwj chim lithium roj teeb, cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem yuav xaiv cov laser thiab vuam txheej txheem tsis tsim nyog raws li tus neeg siv khoom siv roj teeb, cov duab, thickness, tensile yuav tsum, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau vuam ceev, waveform, ncov tus nqi, thiab qaij lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub welding. vuam lub taub hau, los teeb tsa cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kawg vuam nyhuv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm lub hwj chim lithium roj teeb chaw tsim tshuaj paus.

Concentrated zog, siab vuam efficiency, siab ua raug, thiab loj weld qhov tob rau dav piv. Lub laser beam yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev tsom, dlhos, thiab coj los ntawm optical instruments. Nws tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim nyog ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab tuaj yeem coj los ntawm cov khoom siv lossis cov teeb meem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub workpiece. Lwm txoj kev vuam siv tsis tuaj yeem siv tag nrho vim yog cov kev txwv ntawm qhov tau hais tseg.

Me me cua sov input, me me tshav kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam, thiab me me residual kev nyuaj siab thiab deformation ntawm lub workpiece; Vuam lub zog tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov tseeb, cov nyhuv vuam yog ruaj khov, thiab vuam zoo li qub;

Tsis tiv tauj vuam, fiber ntau optic kis tau tus mob, kev nkag tau zoo, thiab qib siab ntawm automation. Thaum welding nyias los yog nplua hlau, tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm reflow zoo li arc vuam. Cov roj teeb lub cev siv rau cov roj teeb lithium, vim lawv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv aluminium sib zog thiab nyias. Feem ntau, lub plhaub, npog, thiab hauv qab yuav tsum tau qis dua 1.

Teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem laser vuam

Tam sim no, aluminium alloy roj teeb shells account rau ntau tshaj 90% ntawm tag nrho cov fais fab lithium roj teeb. Qhov nyuaj ntawm nws cov vuam yog nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tshua muaj siab xav ntawm aluminium alloy rau laser, siab rhiab heev ntawm cov roj pores thaum lub vuam txheej txheem, thiab inevitable tshwm sim ntawm ib co teeb meem thiab tsis xws luag thaum vuam, cov uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog roj pores, kub tawg, thiab tawg.

Thaum lub sij hawm laser vuam txheej txheem ntawm aluminium alloy, muaj ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm qhov pores uas nquag tshwm sim: hydrogen pores thiab pores tshwm sim los ntawm bursting ntawm npuas. Vim tias qhov txias txias ntawm laser vuam, qhov teeb meem ntawm hydrogen pores yog qhov hnyav dua, thiab tseem muaj lwm hom qhov uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tawg ntawm qhov me me hauv laser vuam.

Kub tawg teeb meem. Aluminium alloy yog ib hom eutectic alloy uas nquag kub tawg thaum lub sij hawm vuam, xws li weld crystallization tawg thiab HAZ liquefaction tawg. Vim muaj kev sib cais ntawm thaj chaw weld, eutectic segregation tshwm sim thiab grain ciam melting tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej kev ntxhov siab, liquefaction tawg tsim ntawm cov ciam teb, txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.

Kev tawg (tseem hu ua splashing) teeb meem. Muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg, xws li kev ua kom huv ntawm cov khoom, lub purity ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej. Kev txiav txim siab siv yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub laser. Nto protrusions, pores, thiab npuas npuas ntawm lub plhaub. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias cov tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla ntawm fiber ntau me dhau los yog lub zog laser tau teeb tsa siab dhau. Nws tsis yog tias qee tus neeg muab khoom siv laser thov tias qhov zoo ntawm cov nqaj zoo, qhov zoo dua qhov vuam nyhuv. Zoo beam zoo yog tsim rau overlay welding nrog loj nkag mus tob. Nrhiav cov txheej txheem tsim nyog yog tus yuam sij rau kev daws teeb meem.

Lwm yam nyuaj

Mos pob ncej pob ntseg vuam yuav tsum muaj kev sib tw vuam zoo, thiab lub pob ntseg pob ntseg yuav tsum tau nias kom ruaj khov kom ntseeg tau tias vuam clearance. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav kev kub ceev vuam ntawm txoj kev sib tw xws li S-puab thiab kauv zoo li tus, ua rau thaj tsam sib koom ua ke ntawm vuam thiab ntxiv dag zog rau vuam lub zog.

Kev vuam ntawm cov roj teeb cylindrical yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev vuam ntawm qhov zoo electrode. Vim lub plhaub nyias ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode, nws yooj yim heev rau welding los ntawm. Tam sim no, qee cov tuam txhab siv cov txheej txheem tsis zoo electrode vuam, thaum cov electrode zoo siv laser vuam.

Thaum welding square roj teeb ua ke, tus ncej lossis cov khoom sib txuas yog kis kab mob thiab tuab. Thaum welding qhov txuas, cov pa phem decompose, uas tuaj yeem yooj yim tsim cov ntsiab lus vuam tawg thiab ua rau lub qhov; Cov roj teeb uas muaj cov ncej nyias thiab cov khoom siv yas lossis cov khoom siv ceramic hauv qab yog qhov yooj yim rau vuam los ntawm. Thaum tus ncej me me, nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim rau cov vuam kom deviate thiab ua rau cov yas puas, tsim cov ntsiab lus tawg. Tsis txhob siv cov khoom sib txuas ntau txheej vim muaj qhov pores ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, ua rau nws nyuaj rau solder ruaj khov.

Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem vuam ntawm cov roj teeb square yog lub ntim ntawm lub plhaub npog, uas tau muab faib ua cov npog sab saum toj thiab hauv qab npog vuam raws li txoj haujlwm sib txawv. Qee cov tuam txhab roj teeb siv cov cuab yeej siv sib sib zog nqus los tsim cov roj teeb vim qhov ntim me me ntawm cov roj teeb uas lawv tsim, uas tsuas yog yuav tsum tau vuam ntawm lub hau saum toj kawg nkaus.

Square fais fab lithium roj teeb sab vuam qauv

Cov txheej txheem vuam rau cov roj teeb square feem ntau muab faib ua sab vuam thiab sab saum toj vuam. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm sab vuam yog tias nws tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau sab hauv ntawm lub roj teeb ntawm tes, thiab splashes yuav tsis yooj yim nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub plhaub npog. Vim tias muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib tw tom qab vuam, uas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis ntawm cov txheej txheem sib dhos tom ntej, sab vuam txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub laser thiab kev huv ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem vuam saum toj kawg nkaus, vim yog vuam ntawm ib qho chaw, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau qis rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv vuam thiab yooj yim ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj muaj ob qhov tsis zoo. Ua ntej, tej zaum yuav muaj me me ntawm spatter nkag mus rau hauv lub roj teeb ntawm tes thaum vuam, thiab qhov thib ob, kev ua haujlwm siab rau sab pem hauv ntej ntawm lub plhaub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nqi.

5. Yam cuam tshuam rau vuam zoo

Laser vuam tam sim no yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb uas tau pom zoo rau cov roj teeb siab kawg. Laser vuam yog cov txheej txheem ntawm high-zog laser irradiation ntawm ib tug workpiece, ua rau ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv ua hauj lwm kub, melting thiab reconnecting lub workpiece los tsim ib tug mus tas li kev twb kev txuas. Laser vuam muaj zoo shear zog thiab tsim kua muag kuj. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo rau cov roj teeb vuam muaj xws li conductivity, lub zog, airtightness, hlau qaug zog, thiab corrosion kuj.

Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm laser vuam. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog volatile heev thiab muaj ntau instability. Yuav ua li cas teeb tsa thiab tswj cov kev ntsuas no kom raug, kom lawv tuaj yeem tswj tau nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog thaum lub sij hawm kev kub ceev thiab txuas ntxiv laser vuam, kom ntseeg tau tias vuam zoo. Kev ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim vuam yog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntsig txog kev ua tau zoo thiab kev lag luam ntawm laser vuam tshuab. Cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm laser vuam muaj xws li cov khoom siv vuam, qhov chaw ua haujlwm, thiab cov txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm.

1) Cov khoom siv vuam

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau lasers yog beam hom, tso zis zog, thiab stability. Lub beam hom yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog beam zoo. Qhov qis dua qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub nqaj hom, qhov zoo dua cov nqaj tsom, qhov chaw me dua, thiab qhov tob dua ntawm tib lub qhov tob thiab dav ntawm Weld Seam. Feem ntau, yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus hom (TEM00) lossis hom kev txiav txim qis dua, txwv tsis pub nws nyuaj rau ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khoom siv laser vuam zoo. Tam sim no, cov lasers hauv tsev tseem ntsib teeb meem qee yam ntawm cov nqaj zoo thiab lub zog tso zis ruaj khov rau laser vuam. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm txawv teb chaws qhov xwm txheej, lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab tso zis hluav taws xob ruaj khov ntawm lasers twb tau siab heev thiab yuav tsis dhau los ua teeb meem hauv laser vuam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau kev vuam zoo hauv cov tshuab kho qhov muag yog lub ntsej muag tsom, uas feem ntau siv lub focal ntev ntawm 127mm (5in) thiab 200mm (7.9in). Lub focal ntev me me yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txo qis lub duav qhov chaw txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, tab sis qhov me me dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib kis thiab txaws puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm vuam.

Qhov luv luv wavelength, qhov siab dua qhov nqus; Feem ntau, cov ntaub ntawv uas zoo conductivity muaj ib tug siab reflectivity. Rau YAG lasers, lub reflectivity ntawm nyiaj yog 96%, txhuas yog 92%, tooj liab yog 90%, thiab hlau yog 60%. Qhov siab dua qhov kub, qhov siab dua qhov nqus, qhia txog kev sib raug zoo; Feem ntau, txheej txheej nrog phosphate, carbon dub, graphite, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txhim kho tus nqi nqus.

2) Workpiece mob

Laser vuam yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov npoo ntawm lub workpiece, nrog siab sib dhos raug, nruj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub vuam seam, thiab cov thawj sib dhos raug thiab qhov chaw sib dhos ntawm lub workpiece tsis tuaj yeem hloov vim vuam thermal deformation thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem. Qhov no yog vim qhov chaw laser me me thiab lub vuam seam yog nqaim. Feem ntau, tsis muaj cov hlau muab tub lim ntxiv. Yog hais tias lub rooj sib txoos tsis nruj thiab qhov sib txawv loj heev, lub nqaj tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab tsis tuaj yeem yaj cov khoom siv hauv paus, lossis ua rau pom tseeb undercutting lossis kev nyuaj siab. Yog hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov seam loj me ntsis, nws yuav ua rau tsis tiav fusion lossis tsis tiav vuam. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm docking thiab sib dhos ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm dav dav thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw sib dhos yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj {0}}.1mm, thiab misalignment yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.2mm. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, qee zaum laser vuam tshuab tsis tuaj yeem siv vim tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov cai no. Yuav kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tso cai rau docking thiab sib tshooj yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau 10% ntawm lub thickness ntawm nyias phaj.

Kev vam meej laser vuam yuav tsum tau nyob ze ntawm lub welded substrate. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ceev nrooj nruj ntawm qhov chaw kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Thiab qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ua kom zoo ntawm cov pob ntseg pob ntseg nyias vim tias nws yog qhov yooj yim rau khoov misalignment, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub pob ntseg polar yog embedded rau hauv cov roj teeb loj lossis cov khoom siv.

3) Vuam parameter

1) Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau vuam tsis zoo ntawm laser vuam hom thiab ruaj khov weld tsim yog lub zog ceev ntawm qhov chaw laser. Nws qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam hom thiab vuam tsim kev ruaj ntseg yog raws li nram no: raws li lub zog ceev ntawm lub laser qhov chaw nce, nws yuav ruaj khov thermal conductivity vuam, hom tsis ruaj khov vuam, thiab ruaj khov sib sib zog nqus nqus vuam.

Lub zog ceev ntawm lub laser qhov chaw yog txiav txim los ntawm lub zog laser thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub teeb tsom, muab ib qho beam hom thiab focal ntev ntawm lub tsom iav. Lub zog laser zog yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub zog laser. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm focal txoj hauj lwm muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus nqi; Thaum lub hom phiaj ntawm lub nqaj yog nyob ntawm ib qho chaw hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm (hauv qhov ntau ntawm 1-2 hli, nyob ntawm lub phaj thickness thiab tsis), qhov zoo tshaj plaws weld seam tuaj yeem tau txais. Deviating los ntawm qhov kev pom zoo ntawm txoj haujlwm no yuav ua rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, ua rau txo qis zog. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib txawv, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm vuam ceev ntawm daim ntawv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li lub zog laser thiab txoj haujlwm tsom. Tsuas yog thaum lub vuam ceev yog siab dhau lawm, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov sib sib zog nqus sib sib zog nqus vuam txheej txheem vim tsis muaj cua sov input tshwm sim. Thaum lub sij hawm welding tiag tiag, ruaj khov sib sib zog nqus welding los yog ruaj khov thermal conductivity vuam yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov vuam rau qhov tob tob, thiab tsis ruaj tsis khov hom vuam yuav tsum tiv thaiv kiag li.

(2) Nyob rau hauv qhov sib sib zog nqus welding, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam tsis nyob rau hauv qhov tob tob: nyob rau hauv ib tug ruaj khov sib sib zog nqus welding ntau yam, lub laser lub zog siab dua, qhov ntau dua qhov tob tob, nrog rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 0 .7 zog;. Qhov siab dua qhov vuam ceev, qhov tob ntawm qhov nkag mus tob. Thaum lub hom phiaj yog nyob rau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tej yam laser hwj chim thiab vuam ceev tej yam kev mob, qhov siab tshaj plaws nkag mus rau qhov tob tshwm sim. Yog hais tias nws deviates los ntawm txoj hauj lwm no, qhov nkag mus tob zuj zus thiab txawm yuav tsis ruaj khov los yog ruaj khov thermal conductivity vuam.

(3) Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tiv thaiv roj, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv uas yog los tiv thaiv lub workpiece los ntawm oxidation thaum lub vuam txheej txheem; Tiv thaiv lub tsom iav los ntawm cov hlau vapor muaj kuab paug thiab txaws cov kua dej; Disperse lub plasma generated los ntawm high-power laser vuam; Txias lub workpiece thiab txo lub tshav kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam.

Cov roj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog argon lossis helium, thiab nitrogen tuaj yeem siv rau cov uas tsis tshua muaj kev xav tau kom pom tseeb. Lawv nyiam tsim cov ntshav plasma yog qhov sib txawv: cov roj helium, vim nws cov nqi ionization siab thiab cov thermal conductivity ceev, muaj qhov xav tau me me los tsim cov plasma dua li cov roj argon hauv tib lub sijhawm, yog li tau txais qhov tob dua melting. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam ntau yam, raws li qhov txaus tus nqi ntawm kev tiv thaiv roj tsub kom, lub nyiam mus suppress plasma nce, uas ua rau ib tug nce nyob rau hauv melting qhov tob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws ncav cuag ib qho kev sib txawv, nws zoo li stabilize.

(4) Kev soj ntsuam xyuas ntawm txhua qhov kev ntsuas: Ntawm plaub qhov kev sib txuas, vuam ceev thiab tiv thaiv cov roj ntws tau yooj yim los saib xyuas thiab tswj kev ruaj ntseg, thaum lub zog laser thiab qhov chaw ua kom pom tseeb yog qhov tsis sib xws uas yuav hloov pauv thaum lub vuam txheej txheem thiab nyuaj rau kev soj ntsuam. . Txawm hais tias lub zog laser tawm los ntawm lub laser muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab yooj yim rau kev soj ntsuam, lub zog laser ncav cuag lub workpiece yuav hloov vim qhov poob ntawm kev taw qhia thiab kev tsom xam. Qhov kev poob no muaj feem xyuam rau qhov zoo, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm kho qhov muag, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev saib xyuas thiab dhau los ua qhov tsis paub tseeb ntawm vuam zoo. Txoj hauj lwm ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov nqaj yog ib qho ntawm cov kev sib txuas uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev vuam zoo thiab yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws los saib xyuas thiab tswj. Tam sim no, hauv kev tsim khoom, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau cia siab rau kev hloov kho ntawm phau ntawv thiab rov ua cov txheej txheem kev sim los txiav txim siab txoj haujlwm focal point tsim nyog thiaj li ua tiav qhov xav tau nkag mus tob. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem, vim lub workpiece deformation, thermal lens nyhuv, los yog welding ntau qhov chaw ntawm spatial nkhaus, txoj hauj lwm ua kom pom tseeb yuav hloov thiab tshaj qhov tso cai.

Hais txog ob qho xwm txheej saum toj no, ntawm ib sab, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo thiab ruaj khov yuav tsum tau siv thiab ua kom tsis tu ncua kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug thiab ua kom huv si; Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yuav tsum tau tsim kho lub sijhawm saib xyuas thiab tswj cov txheej txheem rau cov txheej txheem laser vuam, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov tsis zoo, saib xyuas cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog laser thiab tsom mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm, ua tiav cov voj voog kaw, thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau. thiab stability ntawm laser vuam zoo.

Thaum kawg, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias laser vuam yog txheej txheem melting. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ob lub substrates yuav yaj thaum lub sij hawm laser vuam txheej txheem. Cov txheej txheem no yog ceev ceev, yog li tag nrho cov cua kub nkag yog tsawg. Tab sis vim tias qhov no yog txheej txheem melting, nkig siab tiv thaiv intermetallic tebchaw yuav tsim thaum vuam cov khoom sib txawv. Aluminium tooj liab ua ke yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev sib txuas intermetallic. Cov tebchaw no tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm luv luv thiab lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob microelectronic splices. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj intermetallic no rau kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb tseem tsis paub meej.